Themes & Projects

Mysteries, December 2008–January 2009

Maritime literature, January–March 2009

Melville read-through, part I, TypeeWhite-Jacket, December 2009–January 2010

Whirlwind tour of Russian literature, February–May 2010

Epistolary literature, July 2009–June 2010

Short stories


Authors

“She was a ship-child, a sea-girl if there ever was one”—Conrad’s Freya of the Seven Isles

Twenty years after Stevenson’s Falesá, Joseph Conrad published Freya of the Seven Isles, centered on the more civilized—or, better, more trafficked—islands of the East Indies. Its narrator is spurred by a letter from a friend still in the Eastern islands to reminisce about old Nelson, more properly called Nielsen but vaguely posing as an Englishman. Nelson set up a house and small tobacco farm in an isolated spot at least nominally controlled by the Dutch and once he was fairly settled he invited his daughter Freya to join him.

Freya is young, beautiful, blonde, and rather spectacular as a person and as a woman. Conrad foreshadows if not inspires Jane Campion in the narrator’s first encounter with Freya, before she even arrives:

As the first and most important preparation for that event the old fellow ordered from his Singapore agent a Steyn and Ebhart’s “upright grand.” I was then commanding a little steamer in the island trade, and it fell to my lot to take it out to him, so I know something of Freya’s “upright grand.” We landed the enormous packing-case wtih difficulty on a flat piece of rock amongst some bushes, nearly knocking the bottom out of one of my boats in the course of that nautical operation. Then, all my crew assisting, engineers and firemen included, by the exercise of much anxious ingenuity, and by means of rollers, levers, tackles, and inclined planes of soaped planks, toiling in the sun like ancient Egyptians at the building of a pyramid, we got it as far as the house and up on to the edge of the west verandah—which was the actual drawing-room of the bungalow. …It was certainly the heaviest movable object on that islet since the creation of the world. The volume of sound it gave out in that bungalow (which acted as a sounding-board) was really astonishing. It thundered sweetly right over the sea.

Bringing a feminizing influence to these islands has the appearance of civilization, with all its attendant difficulties and the impressiveness of masculine strength and human resourcefulness. But it’s the thunder—sweet as it may be—that Freya, as a woman, really brings.

The narrator becomes quite good friends with Freya and understands her in a way the other characters do not. Her suitor is Jasper Allen, a brash young man with a lovely little brig called the Bonito. He and Freya plan to run away together on it when she comes of age. But the Dutch Lieutenant Heemskirk, captain of a steamer, also has his eye on the young woman. Freya’s father, unaware of her feelings of love for Jasper and disdain for Heemskirk, is most concerned with avoiding entanglements with the Dutch authorities and so encourages the friendly visits of the steamer captain. Allen and Heemskirk clash quietly and fruitlessly until a final ineradicable break that Freya both causes and handles beautifully.

Heemskirk succeeds in dashing the hopes of the young couple by dashing Allen’s beautiful brig on a reef. Again, only the narrator can understand what’s really happened. Allen is a broken man not simply because his ship is lost, but because his whole future life and love was predicated on that ship. Freya doesn’t simply succumb to tropical illness; even years later the narrator must shout at her father, now back in London and an old and broken man himself, that she died for love.

The novella is an ode to Freya, lauded for being so “sensible” but in the end inscrutable to so many around her. Does Conrad get women right here? For me, in a surprising way perhaps, he does. Freya makes the island bungalow into a home; she maintains lines of communication and conversation between men; she loves genuinely but with a grounded core that the excitable Jasper Allen doesn’t have. She reigns over this domain of the seven isles but has a better idea than anyone how slight is her power to attain her goals. “Upon my word you are wonderful,” the narrator tells her, and she is never more so than when she stands on her verandah throwing kisses across the water to Jasper, then thundering out furious chords from her upright grand in Heemskirk’s unloveable wake.

“The Secret Sharer” by Joseph Conrad

“The Secret Sharer” was the strangest maritime story I read of all. It is unusual in a number of ways. First, although the Captain and crew are at sea for the entire length of the narrative, all the most important action takes place in the captain’s stateroom. So everything happens below decks, out of sight and out of touch with the sea, and the captain, the narrator of the story, is almost never seen captaining his own ship. Indeed, there is something odd about the whole ship’s hierarchy. And the secret sharer himself is a strange figure.

When Leggatt, the secret sharer, arrives at the ship, the captain is on deck—alone, at night. In other words, unusual. He’s been keeping watch, all alone, and thinking to himself about this his first voyage in command.

And suddenly I rejoiced in the great security of the sea, as compared with the unrest of the land, in my choice of that untempted life presenting no disquieting problems, invested with an elementary moral beauty by the absolute straightforwardness of its appeal and by the singleness of its purpose.

But how untempted this life, how quiet, how single of purpose? The story will, of course, make a fool of that sentence. The captain loses all sight of taking care of his ship and crew and becomes, quite singlemindedly, obsessed with the secret sharer, Leggatt, to whom he feels an immediate and mysterious connection.

That connection seemed to me very ephemeral and strange. Leggatt sitting around in the captains pajamas, barefoot—barefoot and padding around the stateroom almost noiselessly—seems almost ghostly. And the captain’s communion with him, at night in bed, in whispers, equally eery.

Below, the captain and his secret sharer plan their course together,

And it was as if the ship had two captains to plan her course for her. I had been so worried and restless running up and down that I had not had the patience to dress that day. I had remained in my sleeping suit, with straw slippers and a soft floppy hat. The closeness of the heat in the gulf had been most oppressive, and the crew were used to seeing me wandering in that airy attire.

Were they really? It sounds more like the ship has no captain, forget about two. And wearing the sleeping suit just puts him that much closer to Leggatt.

After so much strange and irresponsible behavior the captain finds he may have let his ship get too close to the coast—because of Leggatt, of course. He’s confident in the face of his crew’s fear, until he realizes that he’s been so caught up with the secret sharer that he hasn’t taken the time to really get the feel of the ship—this is his first voyage on her, after all. But just at the last minute, he can use a happy accident of the secret sharer’s escape to judge the ship and save them washing ashore. Why? I felt like the captain had really gotten away with something here.